More than 80% of Europe's digital technologies and infrastructures are imported, while more than 70% of the world's foundational AI models originate in the United States.

American tech giants control more than 70% of Europe's cloud infrastructure. In Sweden, more than half of public digital systems depend on servers located in the United States, while in Belgium, Microsoft alone controls approximately 70% of the cloud market. This landscape has given rise to a term increasingly used in political circles: "digital colonialism."

At the center of the debate is the United States' CLOUD Act. During a court hearing in June 2025, French authorities asked Microsoft if it could guarantee that European data would never be shared with U.S. institutions. The answer was clear: no such guarantee could be offered.